Management is a Process of carrying POLCA functions to achieve organizational Goals< ?xml:namespace prefix = o />
Ø Good Mangers
Perform these functions with Efficiency and Effectiveness
ü Efficiency:-
Getting the most output from the least amount of input
ü Effectiveness:-
Completing activities so that organizational goals are attained
People/Manager achieve goals by using management Process (POLCA)
Ø Management Functions:-
Planning Organizing Leading Controlling Assurance
ü Planning:-
The process of setting goals and deciding how best to achieve them
ü Organizing:-
The process of allocating human and non-human resources so that plans can be carried out successfully
ü Leading:-
The process of influencing others to engage in the work behaviors necessary to reach organizational goals
ü Controlling:-
The process of regulating organizational activities so that actual performance conforms to expected organizational standards and goals.
ü Assurance:-
Ø Management:-
ü Henri Fayol: -
(POLCA) Roles by Henri Fayol
ü Peter Drucker:-
(Efficiency & Effectiveness) Roles by Peter Druker
ü Edward Deming:-
Quality Roles by Edward Deming
ü Henry Mintzberg:-
Roles of Management by Henry Mintzberg
Ø Characteristics of Entrepreneurs
Key Personal Attributes + Technical Proficiency + Managerial Competencies = Successful Entrepreneurs
Ø Business Plan?
Questions:
ü Should I start a business?
ü What and where is the market for my product or service?
ü How much will it cost to own the business, where will I get money?
ü Can I get help from relatives or friends?
ü Should my company be domestic or global?
Ø Key Management Skills!
ü Technical Skills
ü Human Skills
ü Conceptual Skills
ü Technical Skills: -
Knowledge of and proficiency in a certain specialized field
ü Human Skills: -
Ability to work well with other people both individually and in a group
ü Conceptual Skills: -
Ability to think and do conceptualize about abstract and complex situations see organization as a whole understand the relationships among subunits visualize how the organization fits into its boarder environment.
Ø Kinds of Managers (Managerial Titles)
ü Top Managers
ü Middle Managers
ü First-Line Managers
ü First-Line Managers: -
Manage the work of non-managerial individuals who are directly involved with the production or creation of the organization’s products.
ü Middle Managers: -
All managers between the First-Line level and the top level of the organization manage the First-Line managers.
ü Top Managers: -
Responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing the plans and goals that affect the entire organization
Skills Needed at Different Levels
|
Managerial Title |
Conceptual Skills |
Human Skills |
Technical Skills |
|
Top Management |
40 |
50 |
10 |
|
Middle Management |
25 |
50 |
25 |
|
Lower-Level Management |
10 |
50 |
40 |
|
Total |
75 |
150 |
75 |
Management Today & Yesterday
Ø Management
ü Economics
ü Sociology
ü Psychology
ü Political Science
ü Math and Stats
Ø Management Theories
ü Pre-Classical Contributors
ü Classical Viewpoint
¨ Scientific Management
¨ Administrative Management
¨ Bureaucratic Management
ü Behavior Viewpoint
¨ Early Behaviorists
¨ Hawthome Studies
¨ Human Relation Movement
¨ Behavioral Science Approach
ü Quantitative Viewpoint
¨ Operation Research
¨ Operation Management
¨ Management Information Science
ü Contemporary Viewpoint
¨ System Theory
¨ Contingency Theory
¨ Emerging Views
Ø Pre – Classical
Adam Smith (1776)
Division of Labor!
The breakdown of jobs into narrow and repetitive tasks
