Chess960, also called Fischer Random Chess, is a chess variant produced by Grandmaster Bobby Fischer, where chess creativity and talent is more important than memorization and analysis of opening moves. The initial chess position is randomized, which makes memorizing chess opening far less helpful. There are 960 such initial positions. Castling is allowed under special rules.

The starting position for Chess960 must meet certain rules. White pawns are placed on the second rank as in regular chess. All remaining white pieces are placed randomly on the first rank, but with the following restrictions:

The king is placed somewhere between the two rooks.

The bishops are placed on opposite-colored squares.

The black pieces are placed equal-and-opposite to the white pieces. For example, if the white king is placed on f1, then the black king is placed on f8. Note that the king never starts on file a or h, because there would be no room for a rook. The starting position can be generated before the game either by a computer program or using dice, coin, cards, etc.

The first Fischer Random Chess tournament was held in Yugoslavia in the spring of 1996, and was won by Grandmaster Péter Lékó.

In 2001, Lékó became the first Fischer Random Chess world champion, defeating GM Michael Adams in an eight game match played as part of the Mainz Chess Classic.

This particular chess variant has a number of different names. The first names applied to it include “Fischer Random Chess” and “Fischerandom Chess”. However, as it became more popular many objected to this name. Some object to having the name of any person attached to the game; others object because they object to many of Mr. Fischer’s actions over the years.

Hans-Walter Schmitt (chairman of the Frankfurt Chess Tigers e. V.) is an advocate of this chess variant, and he started a brainstorming process to choose a new name for it. The new name had to obey the following requirements on the parts of some leading grandmasters:

It should not use parts of the name of any Grandmaster colleague

It should not include negatively biased or “spongy” elements like “random” or “freestyle”

It should be understood worldwide.

This effort culminated in the name “Chess960,” deriving from the number of different initial positions.

R. Scharnagl, another proponent of this variant, had used the term FullChess instead. But today he uses “FullChess” to address chess variants consistently embedding the traditional chess game, e.g. Chess960 and some new variants based on the extended 10×8 Capablanca piece set Capablanca chess. He currently recommends the use of the term “Chess960″ instead of Fischer Random Chess for this particular set of rules.

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